VOL. XL NO. 28 PAGES 48 NEW DELHI 10 - 16 OCTOBER 2015 ` 8.00
SARVODAYA: DEVELOPMENT OF ALL
Dr. D. John Chelladurai
Modernity has brought marvels to
our doorsteps. We now can
speak instantly to one on the other side
of earth, travel at supersonic speed,
ask for anything and we get it.
This development however has
come at a huge socio, environmental
cost. From life style diseases to climatic
change, from structuralized unemployment,
poverty to organized terrorism
the development has brought a lot
of dangers together. Global bodies like
the United Nations Organization (UNO)
are busy deliberating on an urgent
alternative to this crisis. Envisaging
what is to come, Gandhi gave a
prophetic vision of a sane society. He
called it Sarvodaya.
Development critique
The idea of Sarvodaya came as a
response to the critique on Modern
Development: It focuses exclusively on
physical happiness and economic
prosperity, in disregard of morality. It
aims at 'the happiness of the majority',
no matter if the rest are affected. It
exploits natural resources and fellow
humans, therefore, "is contrary to
divine law." It also promotes self-interest,
drains us of our ability to discriminate
between good and evil.
Welfare of All
The term 'Sarvodaya' is derived
from 'Sarva' and 'Uday', meaning 'upliftment
of all'. It is a birth right of every
individual to rise to a better state of living.
At individual level Sarvodaya
means a 'way of living' and at the
national level it is a 'social order'.
Sarvodaya represents the spirit of
universal brotherhood, in complete
obedience to the law of nature, which
Gandhi refers to as Truth. He wrote
the book 'Sarvodaya' in 1908, inspired
by Ruskins revolutionary book Unto
This Last.
Welfare of the Least
Development, Gandhi insisted,
ought to mean 'greatest good of all' and
not 'greatest good of greatest number'
as many believe. In the zeal for development,
he cautions, we cannot overlook
any one as dispensable. He variedly
used the term 'Sarvodaya' to
include 'upliftment of the least' by which
he meant, the rise of the 'weakest and
the lowliest.' Less informed people and
physically weak too have the right to
develop. To drive this point home, he
used the term 'Antyodaya'. For Gandhi
both 'Sarvodaya' and 'Antyodaya' are
convertible terms.
Foundational Teaching of Sarvodaya
Life of humans, the social being, is
intertwined with one another. Hence
service to all is the way to serve oneself.
This premise lays the foundation
of the first of the three Teachings of
Sarvodaya:
"The Good of the individual is contained
in the good of all."
As a living being and being part of
the Reality (Truth, God) every individual
holds right to life and equal access
to livelihood. This brought out the second
teaching of Sarvodaya:
"A lawyer's work has the same
value as the barber's in as much as all
have the same right of earning their
livelihood from their work".
While the outcome of mind (knowledge)
enriches life, it is the outcome of
physical labor (grains, pulses, fruit,
cloth…) that sustain very human life.
Therefore it is more proper that the
conduct of life relies on physical work.
From this realization emerged the third
teaching of Sarvodaya:
"That a life of labour, i.e., the life of
the tiller of the soil and the handicraftsman
is the life worth living"
Continued on page 48
Employees’ State Insurance Corporation,
New Delhi requires 450 Insurance
Medical Officers (IMO) Grade-II
(Allopathic)
Last Date : 10.11.2015 (pg 37)
ESIC
Reserve Bank of India Services Board,
Mumbai requires 134 Officers in Grade
‘B’ (General)
Last Date : 23.10.2015 (pg 7-11)
BANK
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur
requires 615 Assistant Nursing Superintendent,
Staff Nurse Grade-I & Staff Nurse Grade-II
Last Date : 30 days after publication
(pg 2-3)
AIIMS
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FORESTRY AS A CAREER
Forestry is an art and science of
managing and judiciously using
forests and forest based resources in a
way that is scientifically sound, practically
viable, ecologically sustainable
and socially acceptable. The forestry
sector has made significant contribution
in the country by means of different
green initiatives to counter the challenges
of climate change. In order to
make forestry a professionally managed
sector, skilled and capable Green
managers are required to deliver eco
friendly goods & services.
As far as commencement of scientific
forestry in India is concerned, it
started as early as 1864 to train the
forestry personnel for the forest management.
However, forestry education
at University level in the country was
started from the State Agricultural
Universities (SAUs) in the year 1985
with the inception of B.Sc. Forestry a
four year degree from Dr. Y.S.Parmar
University of Horticulture and Forestry
(YSPUHF) Solan, HP and Punjabrao
Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth (PDKV),
Akola, Maharashtra. Later this programme
was initiated in G.B Pant
University of Agriculture and
Technology (GBPUA&T), Pantnagar,
UK and Tamil Nadu Agricultural
University (TNAU), Coimbatore, Tamil
Nadu in 1986 followed by many other
SAUs. Beside this, the master and doctoral
level programme in forestry with
specialization in specific topic of
forestry was also started in some
SAUs. The Indian Institute of Forest
Management (IIFM) started Post
Graduate Diploma in Forestry
Management (PGDFM) equivalent to
master degree in forest management
during 1988 at Bhopal to produce the
Green Managers. In the recent past
some traditional and private universities
and institutes have also started
forestry programmes in the country.
In India, the forestry education,
research, training and extension is governed
by Indian Council of Forestry
Research and Education (ICFRE),
Dehradun, an apex body in forestry
under Ministry of Environment, Forest
and Climate Change (MoEFCC).
However, Indian Council of Agricultural
Research (ICAR) has made every
endeavor in periodically framing and
modifying the syllabus and guideline
for the forestry education as per need
of time at undergraduate, postgraduate
and doctoral level to SAUs. Presently
around 26 SAUs and 40 traditional
and private universities and colleges/
institutes are offering forestry education
in India.
Continued on page 47
Arvind Bijalwan and Manmohan J.R. Dobriyal
facebook.com/director.employmentnews
Employment News 10 - 16 October 2015 EDITORIAL www.employmentnews.gov.in 47
FORESTRY EDUCATION IN ACADEMIC
INSTITUTES IN INDIA
B.Sc. Forestry: B.Sc. forestry is a four
year professional degree programme
spread in eight semesters. Forestry graduates
study course curriculum similar to
Indian forest officers at Indira Gandhi
National Forest Academy (IGNFA),
Dehradun and Forest Rangers at State
Forest Service (SFS) colleges. They are
technically qualified, skilled and rigorously
undergo one year field exposure under
Rural Forestry Work Experience (RFWE)
and Experiential Learning Programme
(ELP) which can enable them for "earning
while learning" and develop a confidence
to manage the forestry enterprise as an
independent unit. Moreover, the SAUs not
only limit the role of forestry graduates to
forest department but also train them as
managers for green entrepreneurship in
different organizations for green initiatives
e.g. CSR activities of corporate, green
and sustainable production and supply
raw material to various forests produce
based industries etc.
M.Sc. & Ph.D. Forestry: Two years professional
master degree in Forestry (M.Sc.
Forestry) with specialization in Agroforestry,
Forest genetic resources, Silviculture,
Watershed management, Medicinal and
Aromatic Plants, Forest products & their utilization,
Wood science & Technology, Forest
biotechnology, Plantation forestry, wildlife
etc. and similarly minimum three years
Doctoral programme as Ph.D. in Forestry is
also running in SAUs, traditional
Universities and institutes.
Post Graduate Diploma in Forestry
Management (PGDFM): IIFM, Bhopal is
the only institute awarding two-year residential
PGDFM equivalent to master’s
degree in Forest Management in India.
PGDFM professionals bestowed with
managerial skill and knowledge in the
field of forestry, environment and natural
resource management are suitable as
Green Managers.
ADMISSION/SELECTION PROCEDURE
FOR FORESTRY PROGRAMMES AT STATE
AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITIES AND
OTHER INSTITUTES/ UNIVERSITIES:
For admission in the B.Sc. Forestry (four
year degree), one can apply after 10+2
having PCB/PCM/PCMB/ Agriculture
group. The admission is either through
qualifying the entrance examination or on
merit basis. The process of selection in
master's degree is also through exam or
on merit basis. Similarly in Ph.D. Forestry,
one can take admission in the SAUs or
other Institutes/Universities on the basis of
qualifying entrance examination or directly
as per the norm of the concerned
Institutes/Universities. Admission in SAUs
for graduate, postgraduate and doctoral
level programme in forestry can also be
taken by qualifying all India entrance
examination of ICAR, New Delhi. In
PGDFM a graduate from any discipline
can take admission on the basis of score
(percentile) obtained in CAT conducted by
IIMs or XAT followed by Group discussion
and Personal Interview conducted by IIFM.
CAREER OPPORTUNITIES FOR
FORESTRY PROFESSIONALS
In the era of globalization and industrialization
the realization is pouring on sustainability
and ecological restoration carbon
and energy footprints have also
armed importance. These global concerns
lead policy initiatives to create a job
environment in green entrepreneurship
and environment safety regulations to
tackle the global climate change issues.
Forestry is one of the options for all stakeholders
to provide it a space at all levels.
The current need has made reach of
forestry professionals redefined for green
jobs or assignments. Following are some
of the broad potential areas where
forestry students have avenues to work.
z The forestry professionals having master's
degree along with NET certificate
in Forestry/Agroforestry can join the
academic profession in the University
teaching, research and extension as
an Assistant Professor (AP), Research
Officer (RO) and in KVKs as Subject
Matter Specialist (SMS). They can also
become scientists (forestry/agroforestry)
by qualifying the all India
Agricultural Research Services (ARS)
examination annually conducted by
Agricultural Scientist Recruitment
Board (ASRB) of ICAR, New Delhi.
There is also good scope for Forestry
graduates in State Forest Services
(SFS) as per the policy of the states;.
z They can launch their own entrepreneurship
in the field of plant nursery
centre, furniture industry; saw mills,
wooden handicrafts units, plywood
and bamboo product units, sericulture,
value addition of various wild
produce and herbal drugs etc. In the
banking sector too forestry graduates
are appointed as Agriculture officers,
Rural Development officers,
Extension officers etc in national, private
and regional banks.
z In private sector the foresters can
take up work either in offices, laboratories,
wood based industries or outdoors
depending on their field of specialization.
The forest based
Industries include Paper and Pulp,
Plywood, match industry, Wood
Workshop and Saw Mills, Wood
Seasoning and Preservation
Treatment Plants, Katha Making
Industry, Resin and Terpentine
Industry, Medicinal and Aromatic
Plant Units, Carpentry and bamboo
crafts etc.
z The scope is also good in big industries
as Environmental Expert and
quality control manager. PSUs related
to hydropower NHPC, Thermal power
plants- NTPC, steel plants, Cement
plants, National highway authority,
pollution control boards and various
other infra companies appoint plantation
officers for their various greening
and environment protection works.
Besides this, tea board; coffee board;
rubber and other plantation companies;
biomass base industries; landscaping
and urban forestry in corporate
and civic bodies are also good
avenues for forestry degree holder.
z Employment opportunities exist with
organizations working in conservation
of forest resources and corporate
plantations too. There are many
reputed NGOs which are working in
the forestry/Agroforestry and rural
development sectors. Many corporates
also take forestry graduates in
their CSR activities for rural and tribal
areas for linking forestry to livelihood
activities.
z The doors are open to experienced
Forestry professionals in the international
agencies working in the field of
forestry viz. IUCN, WWF, World
Bank, UNDP, etc.
z The forestry professional can be a
consultant to the State and central
Project Management Units (PMUs),
Pollution Control Boards,
Environmental Legal Advisor to the
industrial sector and NGOs ; One can
also register as Charted Forester (CF)
for providing technical and procedural
assistance to the people willing to take
up forestry on their private holdings.
z Carbon finance is another emerging
sector for CDM projects of
Aforestation/ reforestation and
REDD+ projects where preparation of
PDD, planning & monitoring, evaluation
all required forestry professionals
by UNFCC and state governments &
plantation companies.
IMPORTANT INDIAN UNIVERSITIES/
INSTITUTIONS OFFERING UNDERGRADUATE,
POSTGRADUATE AND
DOCTORAL PROGRAMMES IN
FORESTRY
Dr. Y.S.Parmar University of Horticulture
and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP;
Tamilnadu Agricultural University,
Coimbatore; Forest Research InstituteDU,
Dehradun, UK; Indian Institute of
Forest Management, Bhopal, M.P.; Kerala
Agricultural University, Trichur; Navsari
Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat;
Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth,
Akola, Maharastra; G.B Pant University of
Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar,
Uttrakhand (UK); Chaudhari Charan
Singh Haryana Agricultural University,
Hisar; Indira Gandhi Agriculture
University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh; Orissa
University of Agriculture & Technology,
Bhubaneswar; Birsa Agicultural
University, Ranchi, Jharkhand;
Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and
Forestry, Bharsar, UK; University of
Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad,
Karnataka; Jawharlal Nehru Krishi
Vishwavidyalaya, Jabalpur, MP; Punjab
Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Sher-eKashmir
University of Agricultural
Sciences and Technology of Kashmir,
Shalimar, Srinagar, J & K.; Dr. Balasaheb
Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth,
Dapoli, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra; Central
Agriculture University, Imphal, Mizoram;
Allahabad Agricultural Institute-DU (Now
SHIATS), Allahabad; North Eastern
Regional Institute of Science and
Technology (NERIST), Itanagar; H.N.B.
Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal,
UK; Kumaun University, Nainital, UK;
Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur,
Chhattisgarh; Dolphin (PG) Institute of
Biomedical and Natural Sciences,
Dehradun, UK; Lovely Professional
University, Jalandhar, Punjab.
(The above list is indicative only)
(Dr. Arvind Bijalwan teaches at Indian
Institute of Forest Management (IIFM),
Bhopal; Dr. Manmohan J.R. Dobriyal is
associated with Navsari Agricultural
University, Navsari, Gujarat. Dr.
Bijalwan can be reached at e-mail:
arvindbijalwan276@gmail.com)
FORESTRY AS...
Continued from page 1
„ Union Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar commissioned INS Kochi, a stealth guided missile
destroyer to Indian Navy recently. A made in Mumbai warship by Mazagon Dock
Shipbuilders Ltd, the super warship has been designed by Indian Navy’s in-house organisation,
Directorate of Naval Design. INS Kochi incorporates new design concepts for
stealth and has many firsts to her credit, including a very large component of indigenous
combat-suite. The ship is packed with the most sophisticated state-of-the-art weapons
and sensors including the vertically launched Long Range Surface to Air Missiles
(LRSAM) and MF-STAR multi-function active phased array radar, which is fitted only on
the Kolkata class of ships
„ PSLV has successfully launched ASTROSAT, the country’s Multi Wavelength Space
Observatory, from Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikotta recently along with six foreign
customer satellites into a 644.6 X 651.5 km orbit inclined at an angle of 6 deg to the
equator. The achieved orbit is very close to the intended one. This was the thirtieth consecutive
success for PSLV. ASTROSAT is India’s first dedicated multi wavelength space
observatory. This scientific satellite mission endeavours for a more detailed understanding
of our universe. ASTROSAT is designed to observe the universe in the Visible,
Ultraviolet, low and high energy X-ray regions of the electromagnetic spectrum simultaneously
with the help of its five payloads.
„ Union Government has launched Green Highways (Plantation, Transplantation,
Beautification & Maintenance) Policy-2015 to promote greening of National Highway corridors
across the country with participation of the community, farmers, private sector,
NGOs, and government institutions. The policy was unveiled by Union Road Transport
and Highways Minister Nitin Gadkari in New Delhi recently. Speaking on the occasion, the
Minister said that 1 per cent of the total project cost of all highways projects will be kept
aside for the highway plantation and its maintenance. He said that about Rs. 1000 crore
per year will be available for plantation purpose. He added that there will be strong monitoring
mechanism in place by using ISRO’s Bhuvan and GAGAN satellite systems. The
Green Highway Policy will help in making India pollution free, the minister added. He said
that the vision of the policy is to provide dignified employment to local people and communities.
„ Reserve Bank of India has cut repo rate by 50 basis points to 6.75 per cent; Cash reserve
ratio remains unchanged at 4%; this fourth policy rate cut by RBI this year. It was
announced in the recently released fourth bi-monthly policy of RBI since January 2015.
The Union Finance Minister Arun Jaitley while responding to the Monetary Policy
announcement said that the Government welcomes the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)’s
decision. The Finance Minister said that constant vigilance is warranted on the inflation
front, this action signals that inflationary pressures have moderated significantly and are
within the RBI’s comfort zone. He said that the Government is committed to meet its fiscal
deficit target to consolidate the gains achieved in reducing the inflation.
„ Government has constituted an expert committee to examine various issues related to
UPSC civil services examination to select IAS and IPS officers. The committee panel
would be headed by the former IAS officer from Chhattisgarh cadre B.S. Baswan and
shall consist of leading academicians, technocrats and senior bureaucrats. The committee
will look into all aspects of civil services examination including age relaxation, eligibility,
syllabus and pattern of examination. Based on the report of the committee, Union
Government will further make changes in the civil services exam pattern which is conducted
annually in three stages — preliminary, main and interview.
„ Indian Railways has recently launched its Knowledge Portal namely www.kportal.indianrailways.gov.in
which has aggregated most of the available knowledge about Indian
Railways at one location and has also tried to encompass as much knowledge as possible,
by linking websites, documents etc. for dissemination of knowledge on Indian
Railways. This portal is an initiative of the National Academy of Indian Railways (NAIR),
Vadodara. This portal is an aggregation of information, with links to resources of the
Indian Railways, for the purpose of dissemination of knowledge, innovations and best
practices.
„ Former Olympic champion Abhinav Bindra has won the men’s 10 metre air rifle event at
the Asian Air Gun Championship recently. Bindra shot 208.8 points to clinch the gold while
compatriots Gagan Narang and Chain Singh finished fourth and sixth respectively at the
Karni Singh Shooting Range. All the three shooters have already secured quota places
for next year's Olympics to be held in Rio de Janeiro. India won the gold medal in the 10m
air rifle team event too with Bindra, Narang and Chain Singh shooting a total of 1868.6.
The Korean team finished second and Saudi Arabia took the third spot.
„ Government has cut the natural gas prices for power and fertilizer sector by 16 per cent
to USD 4.24 per unit for the six month period, beginning October 1st. Natural gas prices,
according to a formula approved by the government in October last year, will fall to 4.24
US dollar million British thermal unit (mmbtu) on net calorific value (NCV) basis from the
current 5.50 US dollar mmbtu. On gross calorific value (GCV) basis, the new gas price for
October 1st to March 31st would be 3.82 us dollar per mmBtu as compared to 4.66 us
dollar currently. The price cut is the second reduction in rates ever - the first being on
April 1st.
„ India has emerged as the top destination for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) as compared
with China and United states in the first half of 2015. A report published in London’s
Financial Times has mentioned that India has attracted roughly 31 billion US dollar ahead
of 28 billion dollar of China and 27 billion of United States.
„ India has moved up 16 positions to rank 55th on a Global Index of the world’s most competitive
economies, where Switzerland remains on top. The World Economic Forum
(WEF) has said in its latest Global Competitiveness Report that the jump in India’s position
underlines the country’s recent economic recovery, improvement in the competitiveness
of the country’s institutions and its macroeconomic environment and a “slight
improvement” in infrastructure. Globally, Switzerland has retained its top position as the
world’s most competitive economy for seventh year in a row and is followed by Singapore,
the US, Germany and the Netherlands in the top-five. These are followed by Japan, Hong
Kong, Finland, Swedenand the UK in the top-ten.
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